Main Report

4.5 Endnotes Tuhinga āpiti

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1. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 8, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf

Cabinet Minute, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, CAB-20-MIN-0122, 19 March 2020, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/proactive-release/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures.pdf

Immigration New Zealand, Operational Manual (Immigration Instructions), Y4.50 People who must be refused entry permission: novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak (19 March 2020), https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual/73334.htm


2. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 10, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf


3. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 8, para 20, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf

Cabinet Minute, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, CAB-20-MIN-0122, 19 March 2020, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/proactive-release/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures.pdf


4. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 8, para 21, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf

Cabinet Minute, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, CAB-20-MIN-0122, 19 March 2020, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/proactive-release/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures.pdf


5. Hon Kris Faafoi, Immigration Reset: Setting the scene, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/speech/immigration-reset-setting-scene


6. COVID-19 Public Health Response (Maritime Border) Order 2020, version 30 June 2020, https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2020/0134/24.0/LMS363151.html


7. Cabinet Paper and Minute, Reconnecting New Zealanders with the World, CAB-21-MIN-0263, 5 July 2021, p 1, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/Border/2021-09-08-Proactive-release/Reconnecting-New-Zealanders-with-the-World.pdf


8. Cabinet Paper and Minute, Reconnecting New Zealanders with the World: Shifting to a Risk-Based Approach to Border Settings, CAB-21-MIN-0305, 9 August 2021, p 5, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Reconnecting-New-Zealanders-with-the-World_-Shifting-to-a-Risk-Based-Approach-to-Border-Settings.pdf


9. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Briefing: Reconnecting New Zealanders: Updated Advice on Isolation Settings at the Border, DPMC-2021/22-1542, 28 February 2022, rec 3 and p 2, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Reconnecting-New-Zealanders-Updated-Advice-on-Isolation-Settings-at-the-Border.pdf


10. Cabinet Minute, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, CAB-20-MIN-0122, 19 March 2020, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/proactive-release/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures.pdf


11. Cabinet Paper, COVID-19 Border Restrictions Exceptions for Essential Workers and Others, CAB-20-MIN-0268, 8 June 2020, p 4, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2020-06/COVID-19%20Border%20Restrictions%20Exceptions%20for%20Essential%20Workers%20and%20Others_0.pdf


12. Immigration New Zealand, ‘Critical purpose reasons you can travel to New Zealand’, updated 3 November 2020, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/about-us/covid-19/border-closures-and-exceptions/critical-purpose-reasons-you-can-travel-to-new-zealand

Immigration New Zealand, ‘NZ employer COVID-19 information’, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/about-us/covid-19/covid-19-information-for-employers


13. Cabinet Paper, COVID-19 Border Restrictions Exceptions for Essential Workers and Others, CAB-20-MIN-0268, 8 June 2020, p 1, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2020-06/COVID-19%20Border%20Restrictions%20Exceptions%20for%20Essential%20Workers%20and%20Others_0.pdf


14. Cabinet Minute, COVID-19 Border Restrictions Exceptions for Essential Workers and Others, CAB-20-MIN-0268, 8 June 2020, pp 1-3, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2020-06/CAB-20-MIN-0268%20Minute_0.pdf


15. Immigration New Zealand, Operational Manual (Immigration Instructions), H5.320.20 Approved classes of workers (to 29/07/2024), https://www.immigration.govt.nz/opsmanual/#73514.htm


16. Hon Kris Faafoi, ‘Border to reopen in stages from 27 February’, media release, 3 February 2022, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/border-reopen-stages-27-february


17. Immigration New Zealand, ‘Video – 2021 Resident Visa Phase 1’, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/videos/2021-resident-visa-phase-one


18. Immigration New Zealand, ‘COVID-19 Short-term Visitor Visa’, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/new-zealand-visas/visas/visa/covid19-short-term-visitor-visa


19. Immigration New Zealand, ‘COVID-19 Short-term Visitor Visa’, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/new-zealand-visas/visas/visa/covid19-short-term-visitor-visa


20. Hon Kris Faafoi, ‘Government provides certainty to working holiday and seasonal visa holders and employers for summer’, media release, 12 October 2021, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/government-provides-certainty-working-holiday-andseasonal-visa-holders-and-employers


21. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Briefing for the Incoming Minister of Immigration (June 2022), p 41, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/23622-briefing-for-the-incoming-minister-of-immigration-june-2022-updated-october-2022


22. The three orders were issued under section 70 of the Health Act 1956. The 16 March 2020 and 31 March orders were issued by Medical Officers/Deputy Directors of Health and the 9 April order by the Director-General of Health. See:Harriette Carr, Special powers of medical officer of health, 16 March 2020, https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/2024-05/a_-_covid-19-section-701f-notice-to-arrivals-16-march-2020_1_0.pdf

Niki Stefanogiannis, Special powers of medical officer of health, 31 March 2020, https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/2024-05/c_-_new-zealand_2020.03.31_order_section-701f-notice-to-arrivals_1_0.pdf

Ministry of Health, Section 70(1)(e), (ea), and (f) Health Act Order, 9 April 2020, https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/2024-05/e_-_covid-19-section-70-order-9-april-2020_1_0.pdf


23. Cabinet Paper and Minute, A Sustainable Quarantine and Managed Isolation System, CAB-20-MIN-0284, 15 June 2020, p 4, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/proactive-release-2020-july/B11-Minute-and-Paper-A-Sustainable-Quarantine-and-Managed-Isolation-System-15-June-2020.pdf


24. COVID-19 Public Health Response (Air Border) Order 2020, version 22 June 2020, https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2020/0120/12.0/whole.html#LMS360123


25. COVID-19 Public Health Response (Maritime Border) Order 2020, version 30 June 2020, https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2020/0134/24.0/LMS363151.html


26. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 6, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf


27. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 60-61, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


28. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 60-61, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


29. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Briefing for the Incoming Minister for COVID-19 Response: Managed Isolation and Quarantine (MIQ) (June 2022), p 3, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2022-08/BIM%20Hon%20Ayesha%20Verrall%20-%20COVID-19%20Response%20-%20Managed%20Isolation%20%26%20Quarantine.pdf


30. Louise Delany, Covid and the Law in Aotearoa New Zealand (Wellington: Thomson Reuters, 2021), p 106Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 61 (para 246), https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


31. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 19, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


32. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 18, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


33. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 26-29, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


34. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 26-27, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


35. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 27, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


36. Cabinet Paper and Minute, Reconnecting New Zealanders with the World, CAB-21-MIN-0263, 5 July 2021, https://covid19.govt.nz/assets/Proactive-Releases/Border/2021-09-08-Proactive-release/Reconnecting-New-Zealanders-with-the-World.pdf


37. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Briefing: Self Isolation Pilot Evaluation Report: Application Processes, 2122-2004, 26 November 2021, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/25626-self-isolation-pilot-evaluation-report-application-processes


38. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 8, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


39. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 19-21, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


40. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 22, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


41. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [108] to [111], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


42. Hon Chris Hipkins, ‘Reconnecting New Zealand – the next steps’, media release, 24 November 2021, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/reconnecting-new-zealand-%E2%80%93-next-steps


43. Hon Dr Ayesha Verrall, ‘Government announces three phase public health response to Omicron’, media release, 26 January 2022, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/government-announces-three-phase-public-health-response-omicron

Cabinet Paper and Minute, COVID-19 Response: Managing Omicron in the Community, CAB-22-MIN-0007, 1 February 2022, Appendix 4, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/MO01-01022022-COVID-19-Response-Managing-Omicron-in-the-Community.pdf


44. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Briefing: Reconnecting New Zealanders: Updated Advice on Isolation Settings at the Border, DPMC-2021/22-1542, 28 February 2022, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Reconnecting-New-Zealanders-Updated-Advice-on-Isolation-Settings-at-the-Border.pdf


45. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, ‘Isolation and quarantine functions to move to health system on 1 July 2023’, media release, 30 June 2023, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/about/news/isolation-and-quarantine-functions-to-move-to-health-system-on-1-july-2023


46. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, ‘Final three MIQ facilities closed’, media release, 27 June 2022, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/about/news/final-three-miq-facilities-closed


47. Leah Grout, Ameera Katar, Driss Ait Ouakrim, Jennifer A Summers, Amanda Kvalsvig, Michael G Baker, Tony Blakely, and Nick Wilson, ‘Failures of quarantine systems for preventing COVID-19 outbreaks in Australia and New Zealand’, Medical Journal of Australia 215, no. 7 (1 September 2021), 320-324, https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51240, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/mja2.51240

Leah Grout, Ameera Katar, Driss Ait Ouakrim, Jennifer A Summers, Amanda Kvalsvig, Michael G Baker, Tony Blakely, and Nick Wilson, ‘Supporting Information – Appendix to Failures of quarantine systems for preventing COVID-19 outbreaks in Australia and New Zealand’, Medical Journal of Australia 215, no. 7 (2021), 320-324, https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51240, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.5694%2Fmja2.51240&file=mja251240-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdf

World Health Organization, Global technical consultation report on proposed terminology for pathogens that transmit through the air (Geneva, 2024), https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/376496/9789240089181-eng.pdf


48. Leah Grout, Ameera Katar, Driss Ait Ouakrim, Jennifer A Summers, Amanda Kvalsvig, Michael G Baker, Tony Blakely, and Nick Wilson, ‘Failures of quarantine systems for preventing COVID-19 outbreaks in Australia and New Zealand’, Medical Journal of Australia 215, no. 7 (1 September 2021), 320-324, https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51240, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/mja2.51240Meili Li, Qianqian Yuan, Pian Chen, Baojun Song, and Junling Ma, ‘Estimating the quarantine failure rate for COVID-19’, Infectious Disease Modelling 6 (2021/01/01/ 2021), 924-929, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2021.07.002, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246804272100049X


49. COVID-19 Public Health Response (Air Border) Order (No 2) Amendment Order 2021, version 27 February 2022, https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2020/0280/latest/LMS421672.html?search=ad_act%40regulation__air+border+order_2020___25_ac%40bn%40rc%40dn%40apub%40aloc%40apri%40apro%40aimp%40bgov%40bloc%40bpri%40bmem%40r-pub%40rimp_ac%40rc%40ainf%40ani-f%40aaif%40aase%40arep%40bcur%40rin-f%40rnif%40raif%40rasm%40rrev_a_aw_se_&p=1


50. COVID-19 Public Health Response (Vaccinations) Order 2021, revoked 26 September 2022, https://legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2021/0094/latest/LMS487853.html


51. Leah Grout, Ameera Katar, Driss Ait Ouakrim, Jennifer A Summers, Amanda Kvalsvig, Michael G Baker, Tony Blakely, and Nick Wilson, ‘Failures of quarantine systems for preventing COVID-19 outbreaks in Australia and New Zealand’, Medical Journal of Australia 215, no. 7 (1 September 2021), 320-324, https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51240, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/mja2.51240


52. ‘New Year border exception for seasonal workers in the horticulture and wine industries’, media release, 27 November 2020, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-year-border-exception-seasonal-workers-horticulture-and-wine-industries

‘Border exceptions will see more families reunited’, media release, 19 April 2021, https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/border-exceptions-will-see-more-families-reunited

Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Briefing: Meeting Three, Border Exception Ministers – Updated paper, 2021-1168, 9 November 2020, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27504-meeting-3-border-exception-ministers-updated-paper-pdf


53. Ministry of Health, New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan: A framework for action (2nd edn) (Wellington, 2017), https://ndhadeliver.natlib.govt.nz/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE53291176


54. Ministry of Health, New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan: A framework for action (2nd edn) (Wellington, 2017), pp 72, 76, 121-122, 124, https://ndhadeliver.natlib.govt.nz/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE53291176


55. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 75, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


56. MIAS user, quoted in Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 20, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


57. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [429] and [022], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


58. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 4, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


59. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 19, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


60. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [404], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


61. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 4, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


62. Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), p 33, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


63. Officials estimated that a further 800,000 New Zealanders were living overseas permanently at the time. Briefing to Ministers with Power to Act from All of Government Group, Stronger COVID-19 Border Measures, 19 March 2020, p 6, https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2023-01/Stronger-COVID-19-Border-Measures-19-03-2020.pdf


64. Amelia Wade, ‘Coronavirus: Winston Peters tells 80,000 Kiwis overseas to get home now before it’s too late’, The New Zealand Herald, 18 March 2020, https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/coronavirus-winston-peters-tells-80000-kiwis-overseas-to-get-home-now-before-its-too-late/S5AJ7LMGTPCLIBOMHAJQ6YGBEM/


65. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [144], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


66. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [145], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


67. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [145], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


68. Te Ara Ahunga Ora Retirement Commission, ‘Stranded Superannuitants’: Experiences with MSD during New Zealand border closures in 2020–2022 (June 2023), https://assets.retirement.govt.nz/public/Uploads/Research/TAAO-RC-Stranded-SuperAnnuitants_2.pdf


69. Courts of New Zealand, In the High Court of New Zealand Wellington Registry, Grounded Kiwis Group Incorporated v Minister of Health: Judgment of Mallon J, CIV 2021-485-556 [2022] NZHC 832 (Wellington, 27 April 2022), [109], https://www.courtsofnz.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Judgments-online/2022-NZHC-832.pdf


70. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Aide Memoire: Rapid Assessment of MIQ, 18 May 2021, Annex One: Murray Jack and Katherine Cornich on behalf of MBIE, ‘Rapid Assessment ’ (9 April 21), pp 05, 11, 32, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27505-rapid-assessment-of-miq-final-report-pdf


71. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Aide Memoire: Rapid Assessment of MIQ, 18 May 2021, Annex One: Murray Jack and Katherine Cornich on behalf of MBIE, ‘Rapid Assessment ’ (9 April 21), p 32, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27505-rapid-assessment-of-miq-final-report-pdf


72. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Aide Memoire: Rapid Assessment of MIQ, 18 May 2021, Annex One: Murray Jack and Katherine Cornich on behalf of MBIE, ‘Rapid Assessment of MIQ: Final report’ (9 April 21), p 32, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27505-rapid-assessment-of-miq-final-report-pdf


73. David Fisher, ‘Covid 19 coronavirus: Pandemic pressure at MIQ facilities creates military-civilian culture clash’, New Zealand Herald, 20 July 2021, , https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/covid-19-coronavirus-pandemic-pressure-at-miq-facilities-creates-military-civilian-culture-clash/A7ZOW5ZJ4PF2K7GUMIFQUVJLOE/ This article comments on a series of Defence Force reviews into its role in MIQ.


74. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Aide Memoire: Rapid Assessment of MIQ, 18 May 2021, Annex One: Murray Jack and Katherine Cornich on behalf of MBIE, ‘Rapid Assessment ’ (9 April 21), p 31, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27505-rapid-assessment-of-miq-final-report-pdf


75. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, Aide Memoire: Rapid Assessment of MIQ, 18 May 2021, Annex One: Murray Jack and Katherine Cornich on behalf of MBIE, ‘Rapid Assessment ’ (9 April 21), p 31, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/27505-rapid-assessment-of-miq-final-report-pdf

Peter Boshier, Chief Ombudsman’s final opinion on Managed Isolation Allocation System, Office of the Ombudsman (12 December 2022), pp 65-66, https://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/resources/chief-ombudsmans-final-opinion-managed-isolation-allocation-system


76. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 8, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


77. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 8, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


78. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), pp 23-25, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


79. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 4, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


80. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 10, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


81. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), p 17, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review


82. Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MIQ Governance Review – October – November 2021 (25 February 2022), pp 10, 13, https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19959-miq-governance-review

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